朱坚真,周珊珊,李君尧 | 全球渔业种业科技发展趋势与中国路径

作者信息:

摘要:

种业是国家粮食安全的战略基础，渔业种业更是现代渔业高质量发展的核心支撑。中国渔业种业政策支撑持续强化，核心种源自给率超85%，但高端品种对外依存、核心设备与技术“卡脖子”、养殖机械化率偏低等问题突出。基于此，先界定渔业种业科技创新相关概念，系统梳理全球五大核心发展趋势，总结国际先进经验，结合中国种业创新进展与量化痛点，从自主可控、创新生态等五方面提出中国发展路径，为中国“十五五”种业振兴、建设渔业种业强国提供理论与实践参考。

关键词:

渔业种业; 科技创新; 国际趋势; 中国发展路径

Trends in Scientific and Technological Innovation in the Global Fishery Seed Industry and China’s Path

Abstract:

The seed industry is the strategic foundation of national food security, and the fishery seed industry constitutes the core support for the high-quality development of modern fisheries. China has been continuously strengthening policy support for the fishery seed industry, with the self-sufficiency rate of core germplasm exceeding 85%. Nevertheless, it is confronted with prominent challenges, such as high external dependence on high-end varieties, bottleneck restrictions in core equipment and technologies, and a low mechanization rate of aquaculture. The core concepts related to the scientific and technological innovation of the fishery seed industry was defined, the five core global development trends of such innovation and summarizes advanced international experience were systematically sort out. Combined with the progress and quantitative development pain points of China's fishery seed industry innovation, a China-adapted development path from five aspects including independent and controllable development and innovation ecology, providing theoretical and practical references for China is put forward to advance the seed industry revitalization and build a powerful aquatic seed industry country during the 15th Five-Year Plan period.

Key words:

fishery seed industry; scientific and technological innovation; international trends; China’s development path

中国技术经济学会《科技和产业》编辑部2026年6月11日