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山东农业大学李大鹏、大连工业大学谭明乾教授:酵母基 β- 葡聚糖口服载体用于生物活性物质靶向递送:助力精准营养干预

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山东农业大学李大鹏、大连工业大学谭明乾教授:酵母基 β- 葡聚糖口服载体用于生物活性物质靶向递送:助力精准营养干预

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Trends in Food Science & Technology| 酵母基 β- 葡聚糖口服载体用于生物活性物质靶向递送:助力精准营养干预

近日,山东农业大学李大鹏、大连工业大学谭明乾教授团队在Trends in Food Science & Technology(一区,15.4)发表综述《Yeast-based β-glucan oral carriers for targeted delivery of bioactive compounds: Enabling precision nutrition intervention》。该综述系统阐述酵母源 β- 葡聚糖的结构与特性,明确其作为口服递送载体的优势,总结自组装、聚电解质复合、喷雾干燥等制备策略,梳理纳米粒、微胶囊、水凝胶等递送载体类型,重点介绍其在结肠炎、关节炎、动脉粥样硬化、糖尿病等炎症相关疾病精准营养干预中的应用,并指出产业化与机制研究面临的挑战与发展方向。

Background

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口服靶向递送载体是实现生物活性物质精准递送、提升营养干预效果的核心技术平台,在精准营养领域具有重要应用价值。但胃肠道复杂生理屏障会显著降低活性物质的稳定性与吸收效率,导致其在靶部位蓄积不足,限制了口服递送系统的实际效果。尽管天然靶向壁材与功能化修饰载体成为研究热点,但现有材料仍存在肠道吸收率低、长期生物安全性待验证等问题,亟需开发安全高效、兼具靶向性的新型递送载体。

酵母源 β- 葡聚糖作为酵母细胞壁核心功能多糖,具有独特三螺旋结构与天然靶向特性,可被巨噬细胞、树突状细胞表面 Dectin‑1 受体特异性识别,且人体缺乏降解该多糖的消化酶,能有效保护包埋活性物质抵御胃酸与胃蛋白酶破坏。同时,酵母源 β- 葡聚糖来源安全、生物相容性好,兼具免疫调节、抗炎等多重生物活性,是构建口服靶向递送系统的理想壁材。目前,国内外尚未有研究系统梳理酵母源 β- 葡聚糖在生物活性物质口服靶向递送中的研究进展,其结构特性、制备策略、载体类型及疾病干预应用仍需全面总结。基于此,本文系统综述酵母源 β- 葡聚糖口服靶向递送载体的研究现状,为活性物质靶向递送与炎症相关疾病精准营养干预提供理论支撑。

Results

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酵母源 β- 葡聚糖口服靶向递送载体的结构与功能特性

酵母源 β- 葡聚糖具有独特的 β-1,3 - 主链 /β-1,6 - 支链结构与三螺旋构象,是构建口服靶向递送系统的优质天然壁材。其三螺旋结构可在碱性与高温下解旋、生理条件下复性,兼具刚性与两亲性,内部疏水空腔可高效包埋多种生物活性物质;同时该多糖可被巨噬细胞表面 Dectin-1 受体特异性识别,具备天然免疫靶向性,且人体无法消化分解,能在胃肠道中稳定保护活性成分,兼具免疫调节、抗炎、抗肿瘤等生物活性,安全性符合食品与医药应用要求。

酵母源 β- 葡聚糖递送载体的制备策略与载体类型

酵母源 β- 葡聚糖可通过自组装、聚电解质复合、喷雾干燥等主流方法制备递送载体,形成纳米粒、微胶囊、水凝胶三类主要剂型。自组装依托两亲性改性形成核 - 壳结构,适合小分子药物与营养素递送;聚电解质复合利用静电作用实现高效包埋与胃肠道稳定;喷雾干燥适合工业化制备,可提升疏水性活性物质的分散与溶出。所制载体粒径可控、包封率高,能满足口服靶向与缓控释需求。

酵母源 β- 葡聚糖递送载体在精准营养中的应用效果

酵母源 β- 葡聚糖递送载体可实现生物活性物质的巨噬细胞靶向与病灶富集,显著提升抗炎、降糖、抗肿瘤等干预效果。在结肠炎中可靶向肠道巨噬细胞、抑制炎症通路、修复黏膜;在关节炎中可减少促炎因子释放、保护关节软骨;在动脉粥样硬化中可靶向血管病灶、抑制斑块形成;在糖尿病中可实现胰岛素与艾塞那肽的口服递送,提升降糖效果与生物利用度。

酵母源 β- 葡聚糖递送载体的现存挑战与发展方向

酵母源 β- 葡聚糖递送载体在实验室水平已验证优异性能,但临床转化与产业化仍存在关键问题。其规模化制备工艺缺乏标准化、批次稳定性不足;长期食用的免疫稳态影响与生物安全性需深入验证;体内靶向转运通路与作用机制尚未完全阐明。未来需结合合成生物学、结构修饰与肠道微生态调控,开发适配不同活性物质的智能响应型递送系统,推动其在精准营养与疾病干预中的实际应用。

图文赏析

Fig. 1. Yeast-based β-glucan oral targeted delivery carriers.

Fig. 2. (A) Primary structure of β-glucan. A. main chain: β-(1 → 3)-glucan; B. side chain: β-(1 → 6)-glucan (Wu et al., 2023); (B) The preparation engineering strategies of target glucan (J.-J. Liu et al., 2024); (C) β-glucan exerts immunomodulatory and antitumor effects through various pathways(Wang et al., 2025); (D) The immune-modulatory mechanisms of β-glucans and mannans (Y. Liu et al., 2021b).

Fig. 3. (A) Schematic diagram of the preparation process of YGP@N=C-HA/DOX and the cell uptake mediated by CD44 receptor (F. He et al., 2023); (B) The presence of acid during stomach digestion leads to the formation of curcumin-yeast complexes, which can improve their dissolution and micellization during the LBS phase of intestinal digestion (Young et al., 2019); (C) Yeast-based β-glucan specifically targets macrophages (Yang et al., 2023); (D) β-Glucan extracted from spent brewer's yeast (Ungureanu-Iuga & Avrămia, 2023).

Fig. 4. (A) Schematic diagram of polysaccharide nanocarrier synthesis mechanisms (Tie & Tan, 2022); (B) β-Glucan self-assembly process (Cai et al., 2024); (C) After remaining stable in the gastric environment, it adheres to the inflamed intestinal sites through electrostatic interactions (J. Chen et al., 2025); (D) Schematic diagram of spray drying loading method (Šalamúnová et al., 2021).

Fig. 5. (A) Nanotherapy delivered orally via yeast capsules (Wu et al., 2023); (B) Preparation process of yeast-based β-glucan nanoparticles (Hamza et al., 2018); (C) Self-assembly of positive microcapsules through yeast capsules (Wu et al., 2023); (D) Preparation process of yeast-based β-glucan microcapsules (Reis et al., 2023); (E) Miconazole-Pleuromutilin combined β-glucan hydrogel (M. Wang et al., 2024); (F) Preparation Process of Cellulose-Xyloglucan-Dextran Hydrogel (S.-Q. Chen et al., 2023).

通讯作者

谭明乾

获得国家杰出青年科学基金资助,入选国务院政府特殊津贴专家,辽宁省“百千万人才工程”百人层次人才,辽宁省科技创新领军人才,大连市领军人才。获辽宁省自然科学二等奖(排名第一)。承担国家重点研发计划项目3项,国家自然科学基金项目3项,国家重大科学仪器设备开发专项1项,中央引导地方科技发展专项1项,省市级项目2项。以第一作者或通讯作者发表SCI收录论文150余篇,研究论文被引用11000余次,H指数58。编写英文科技著作2部,参编图书章节7部。以第一发明人获得授权发明专利15件。在国内外相关学术会议做学术报告100余次。入选全球前10万名科学家榜单。

李大鹏

山东农业大学食品科学与工程学院院长,教授,博士生导师,美国罗格斯大学访问学者。主要从事食品营养与健康、食品安全与质量控制、果蔬加工与贮藏保鲜等方向的教学与科研工作。兼任山东省食品科学技术学会食品营养与健康工作委员会主任、中国果品流通协会贮藏加工专业委员会常务理事、中国食品科学技术学会果蔬加工分会理事、中国食品科学技术学会非热加工技术分会理事等职务,担任International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences、食品研究与开发、包装工程等杂志编委。主持国家自然科学基金、国家科技支撑计划、农业部行业公益性计划、山东省重点研发项目、山东省自然基金等科研项目20余项。在Compr. Rev. Food Sci. F.,Crit. Rev. Food Sci., J Agric. Food Chem., Food Hydrocolloids, Food Chem.等学术期刊发表论文100余篇,其中ESI高被引论文3篇,参编教材4部,获得发明专利4项。

原文链接

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2026.105739

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  1. CONNECT:[ UseTime:0.001006s ] mysql:host=127.0.0.1;port=3306;dbname=h_mffb;charset=utf8mb4
  2. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `fenlei` [ RunTime:0.001490s ]
  3. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 0 [ RunTime:0.010839s ]
  4. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 63 [ RunTime:0.002580s ]
  5. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.001550s ]
  6. SELECT * FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.001372s ]
  7. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `article` [ RunTime:0.001576s ]
  8. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` = 508037 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.001082s ]
  9. UPDATE `article` SET `lasttime` = 1777026222 WHERE `id` = 508037 [ RunTime:0.033739s ]
  10. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `id` = 64 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.009739s ]
  11. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 508037 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.006300s ]
  12. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` > 508037 ORDER BY `id` ASC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.009265s ]
  13. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 508037 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.007988s ]
  14. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 508037 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10,10 [ RunTime:0.013883s ]
  15. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 508037 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 20,10 [ RunTime:0.047692s ]
0.361438s