《British Poultry Science》
近日，吉林农业大学鹅研中心科研团队以吉林白鹅胚胎作为实验对象，采用H&E染色观察了不同发育阶段羽毛毛囊的形态变化，并结合RT-qPCR和Western Blot分析了STAT3的表达情况。通过E18期的体内注射实验和E23期的皮肤体外培养实验，研究了STAT3的抑制剂Stattic对羽毛毛囊发育及Wnt/β-catenin信号通路的影响。相关研究成果已于2026年2月在期刊《British Poultry Science》上接收。
STAT3 是一种关键转录因子，广泛参与细胞的增殖、分化与凋亡调控，尤其在胚胎发育及器官形成过程中起着重要作用。本研究选用140枚吉林白鹅受精蛋，采用H&E染色观察不同发育阶段羽毛毛囊的形态结构变化，运用RT-qPCR和Western blot分别检测STAT3在胚胎背部皮肤中的mRNA及蛋白表达动态。
结果显示，在E23期，STAT3在mRNA和蛋白水平的表达达到峰值，正好与羽毛毛囊结构成熟的关键阶段相吻合。进一步的实验发现，使用STAT3抑制剂Stattic后，STAT3的表达显著降低，而Wnt/β-catenin信号通路的关键分子β-catenin和LEF1的表达水平则显著上升，表明STAT3可能通过负向调控作用，影响Wnt/β-catenin信号通路的活性，从而参与羽毛毛囊的发育。
本研究初步揭示了STAT3在吉林白鹅胚胎背部皮肤中的表达特征及其与Wnt/β-catenin信号通路的相互作用关系，为深入探讨鹅羽毛毛囊发育的分子机制提供了理论依据。
Figure 1. Embryonic feather development and histology in Jilin White Goose embryos.
Figure 2. STAT3 expression during embryonic feather follicle development. A. STAT3 mRNA expression levels at E18, E21, E23, E25 and E28 (RT–qPCR). B. STAT3 protein expression (Western blot). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Different letters indicate significant differences among developmental stages.
Figure 3. Effects of in ovo Stattic administration on feather follicle morphology in goose embryos.
Figure 4. The effect of embryonic injection of Stattic on mRNA and protein expression in the dorsal skin during the embryonic stage. A. mRNA expression levels of STAT3, β-catenin and LEF1. B. Protein levels of STAT3, p-STAT3, β-catenin and LEF1 (Western blot). Data are mean ± SEM. Different letters indicate significant differences.
Figure 5. Effects of Stattic treatment in ex vivo skin explants on feather follicle morphology.
Figure 6. The effect of in vitro culture with Stattic on mRNA and protein expression in the dorsal skin during the embryonic stage. A. mRNA levels of STAT3, β-catenin and LEF1. B. Protein expression of STAT3, p-STAT3, β-catenin and LEF1. Data are mean ± SEM. Different letters represent significant differences.
Figure 7. Effects of Stattic treatment in ex vivo explants on proliferation- and apoptosis-related markers. A. mRNA expression levels of PCNA, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3. B. Protein expression levels of PCNA, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3. Data are mean ± SEM. Bars without a common superscript letter differ significantly.
本研究结果表明，STAT3 基因在吉林白鹅胚胎早期背部皮肤毛囊形态发生过程中呈现特异性的表达模式。同时，在体内体外双重验证模型下STAT3 可能通过与Wnt/β-catenin通路的协同作用，共同调控吉林白鹅早期毛囊的形态发育，对吉林白鹅早期皮肤毛囊的分子调控网络提供新的理论依据。
10个月宝宝每天需要喝多少奶粉？
