近日，国际顶级期刊《科学》（Science）刊发了由河北农业大学、河南省农业科学院、沈阳农业大学、苏州农业职业技术学院、安徽农业大学、华威大学、南通大学、浙江大学、根特大学、比勒陀利亚大学、南京农业大学及其相关科研研究所、实验室等34位学者联合发表的论文：Gapless pangenome analyses reveal fast Brassica rapa subspeciation.
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标题
Gapless pangenome analyses reveal fast Brassica rapa subspeciation
作者
摘要
Brassica rapa (Br) encompasses many morphotypes and subspecies, so it is a good model with which to investigate plant diversification and subspeciation. Here, we resequenced the genomes of 1720 Br accessions and de novo assembled 11 representative telomere-to-telomere gapless genomes for seven elite subspecies that underwent intensive morphotypification and developed distinct agronomic traits valued to agriculture. We identified 6992 unknown genes, 110 complete (peri)centromeres, and five new satellites associated with Br morphotypes and subspecies and Brassica species evolution. The pangenome, built on 11 gapless and 20 published genomes, reveals structural variations and gene diversities among Br subspecies. Pangenome-wide association studies uncovered that the gene BrLH1 controls leaf-head formation. We show that structural changes have occurred in satellites, (peri)centromeres, and genes, contributing to fast subspeciation and morphotypification during the short history of Br cultivation, providing invaluable resources for Brassica breeding.
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